Проблемы литератур Дальнего Востока. Часть 2

Литературы стран Дальнего Востока и ЮВА: прошлое и настоящее Issues of Far Eastern Literatures. Vol. 1. 2018 169 The triad which belongs to the ancient Chinese model of the universe, originally con- stitutes a basic structure of theworld, and is found ubiquitously in spiritual, social, political culture of the countries of the Far East, includingKorea. InKorean pre-modern literature, it is used specifically, often in order to show the universal character of the situation or its scale. Contemporary poetry borrows this specific and uses this model to emphasize a scale of the situation described in the poem or to show the central image of a poem as an embodiment of some idea or phenomenon 1 . The following lines of the poem “Ritual of memory 1” ₆㠋㩲GX Gieolkje-1 by Jeong Hyeon-jong may serve and example. Do you know the golden secret of time? Remember: Garbage is drunk in the lowest place, Stars are drunk in the skies, While you are standing on the bridge in between them. And do not know, what to do. In the same lines, one can find also the model “Union of Heaven and Earth” 谭 譛踵襮 cheonji-habil often used as a highest state of harmony. Pairs “mountains+waters” 芄莤 sansu and 笹芄 gangsan symbolize Nature in general. Elements, which constitute the model, together serve an embodiment of the eternity of Nature. But each of them represents different phenomenon: mountains are vertical and static, waters are horizontal and dynamic. The model “Light above+Sound below” traditionally used in order to create a picture of universal harmony, can be used in the same meaning, but also serve an instrument of influencing the state of the universe in reality 2 . This model may also lay on the more profound model of light representing male, and sound — associ- ated with female, therefore, representing the oppositions, ying and yang . One of the examples is a famous poem of Kim Gyu-dong (1925–2011) “Tumangang” G⚦Ⱒ ṫ dealing with the past times of Korea fighting for its independence. In this poem, the absence of light and emphasized overconcentration of sound may be used to create an atmosphere of the fighting — one of the most masculine phenomena. In the same poem, the lines “However much we make a fire, the ice would not melt” are interpreted by Korean critics as a literary hint to the negative state of current political situation when Jeon Du-hwan headed the government 3 . Light represented 1 The role of traditional models in understanding contemporary Korean literature works (based on “Heaven-Earth-Human” and “Light+Sound” // Proceedings of the Center for Korean Language and Culture, Issue 17. Saint Petersburg University Press (Вестник Центра Корейского языка и культуры. Вып. 17. СПб.: Издательство СПбГУ), 2015. Pp. 177–189. 2 Ibid. 3 㩚䞲㎇㦮G䡚╖㔲G䟊㍺ Jeon Han-seong-eui hyeondaesi haeseol . Contemporary Poetry Interpretations by Jeon Han-seong. ( http://cafe.daum.net/_c21_/bbs_search_read?grpid=d3 7N&fldid=BTxb&datanum=83 — entered in March 2018).