Проблемы литератур Дальнего Востока. Часть 2

Литературы стран Дальнего Востока и ЮВА: прошлое и настоящее Issues of Far Eastern Literatures. Vol. 1. 2018 167 As an example of usage of citations/allusions let us view the case of the poem “Dokdo” ☛☚ by Lee Yeong-deok. Dokdo being the island in the center of territo- rial dispute between Republic of Korea and Japan, has served inspiration for poems, poetical cycles, songs. This poem, praising the island as a part of heart and mind of Korean people, bases on a famous short poem in sijo genre by Jeong Mong-ju (1337–1392) as it cites the sijo and contains several allusions to it. Thus, position of Korean nation is defined as follows: Korean people turned to the skies Korean heart turned to the country. This main characteristic is an allusion to the last line of sijo , which literary may be translated as follows: My small piece of red heart turned to you, my ruler, could it ever change? The laconic phrase “ small piece of red heart ” ilpyeondansim 螐诇縚葖 functionally is equal to ancient concept of maeum (heart-mind) 1 and symbolizes faithfulness. The phrase “turned to you, my ruler” 㧚䟻䞲 means more than just addressing, and it is a part of the same idea of loyal attitude. G Cf. poetical transla- tion by Kim Yong Nahg: Still all my heart and all my love, unchanged remains with you, My undivided loyalty, unchanged remains with you 2 . The “Dokdo” poem mentions both maeum and the phrase “turned to” with the same wording. Another parallel between two texts is mentioning bones: This love preserved in the hearts And carved in the bones Of 48 million people… In Jeong Mong-ju’s poem this element develops the same idea of faithfulness and also expresses the unity of the person ready to sacrifice as the poem mentions body, bones, soul and heart: 1 Nikitina M. I . Sijo and hyanga: Problems of Interrelation (with a focus on Nature poetry) // Theory of Genres and Literatures of the Orient. Moscow, 1985. (Никитина М. И. Сичжо и хянга. Проблемы взаимосвязи (на примере пейзажной поэзии) // Теория жанров литератур Востока. М., 1985). 2 Kim Yong Nahg, Sijo and Hansi. Old poems of Korea. 2001