Проблемы литератур Дальнего Востока. Часть 1

Секция 2 • Panel 2 Проблемы литератур Дальнего Востока. Т. 1. 2018 172 ଝ஬஬ — the special techniques that were used to decorate the aria are underlined (in this example we deal with the doubling of the syllables used for amplifying); (t-ai 2 ) — the transcription and the tone of the ending syllable are given in parentheses, while the rhyme is distinguished by a hyphen (-ai); 11 (7)— the figure without parentheses indicates the actual quantity of syllables per line (11), the second figure, which is put in parentheses (7), shows the quantity of syllables recommended by “schemes of arias” 1 . Signs “ ᒣ ” and “ Ӵ ” indicates the phonetic tone of the final syllable ( ᒣ — is used for syllables in level tones, or for first and second tones in Putonghua; Ӵ — is used for syllables in oblique tones, or the third and the fourth ones in Putonghua). It should be noted that, unlike in classical “shi” poems, only finals of syllables were generally rhymed in arias. ӴӴӴᒣᒣᒣӴӴӴᒣᒣ — such indications depict the tonic scheme of the stroke. The analysis of the aria can be concluded in the following results: The total number of syllables in each line: 11–8-7–7-7–6. The quantity of basic words zhengzi (in accordance to “Schemes of great achievements by Nine Palaces”): 7–7-5–5-4–5. End-to-end rhyme (for the whole cycle): ai. Scheme of final rhymes in the aria: a-b-c-a-a-a. Tonic scheme of the final syllables in the aria: ᒣᒣӴᒣᒣӴ . Notes : This aria as it was already mentioned above belongs to shuangdiao musical tonality. Usually the final (fourth) parts of zaju were organized in this tonality. Yan-an-zhi-an wrote in his “Discourses on singing”, that “victorious and agitated” sentiments were conveyed by this tonality. It had to create a special musical background for the final of the play, where the “excitement” of the touching meeting between Dou E and her father combined with “victorious” notes symbolizing the triumph of justice. Guan Hanqing inserts very few chenzi . Only one per each stroke. All of them are function words. As the musical background of this part of the play was “victorious and agitated”, sometimes it should influence the slow rhythm of the aria. There was no necessity for the author to insert more words, because the number of word he used was enough to depict feelings of Dou E and atmosphere on the stage. 1 ޣ ≹যǄᵲࢗ䳶Ǆᶝᐎ˖⎉⊏ਔ㉽ࠪ⡸⽮ˈ ᒤǄ